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The IEC 62196 Type 2 connector (commonly referred to as Mennekes) is used for charging electric cars within Europe. The connector is circular in shape, with a flattened top edge and capable of charging battery electric vehicles at 3–70 kilowatts. Electric power is provided as single-phase or three-phase alternating current (AC), or direct current (DC). Cars are fitted with a standardised male vehicle inlet, whilst charging station are fitted with a female outlet, either directly on the outside of the charging station, or via a flexible cable with permanently-attached connector on the end. A charging station with a permanently fixed cable can be attached directly into the vehicle inlet, similar to using a petrol pump and when no fixed cable is available, a separate male-to-female cable is used to hook up the vehicle either using the charging station, or from a traditional IEC 60309-2 industrial connector. The Type 2 connector system was originally proposed by Mennekes in 2009 leading the colloquial name of "Mennekes". The system was later tested and standardised by the German Association of the Automotive Industry (VDA) as VDE-AR-E 2623-2-2, and subsequently recommended by the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) in 2011. Type 2 is intended to replace ''all'' previous vehicle connectors within the European electric vehicle network, displacing SAE J1772, EV Plug Alliance Types 3A/3B, and Type 4 CHAdeMO. The transition period is scheduled to last until 2019. ==Pins== The connectors contain seven contact places: the top row consists of two small contacts for signalling, the middle row contains three pins, the centre pin is used for Earthing, while the outer two pins used for the power supply, optionally in conjunction with the two pins on the bottom row which are also for power supply. Three pins are always used for the same purposes: * Proximity pilot (PP): per-insertion signalling * Control pilot (CP): post-insertion signalling * Protective earth (PE): full-current protective earthing system The allocation of the four normal power supply pins vary depending on the mode of operation. They are allocated as one of: * Neutral (N) and live (L1): single-phase AC * Neutral (N) and live phases (L1, L2, L3): three-phase AC * Neutral (N) and live (L1); negative (−), and positive (+): combined single-phase AC and low-current DC * Negative (−) and positive (+): low-current DC * Negative (−,−) and positive (+,+): mid-current DC Communication takes place over the signalling pins between the charger, cable, and vehicle to ensure that the lowest common denominator of voltage and current is selected. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Type 2 connector」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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